The pharmacology of the antioxidant lipoic acid. Linoleic acid and gamma-linolenic acid lightens ultraviolet-induced hyperpigmentation of the skin. Natural ingredients for darker skin types: Growing options for hyperpigmentation. A 10% glycolic acid containing oil-in-water emulsion improves mild acne: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our editorial policy. Healthline has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical associations. It’s reported to have anti-aging effects, but these are yet to be supported by peer-reviewed research. It’s very potent and should be used by professionals only.īyproduct of biodiesel production. Used in peels, and is especially useful for flattening out scars in the TCA cross technique. Its effects are quite modest so its popularity is waning. This powerful antioxidant trio is well known for its ability to protect the skin from the damaging free radicals generated by UV radiation.Īntioxidant ingredient with anti-aging benefits. Lactic acid is the best researched AHA after glycolic acid, and is notable for being gentler, more hydrating, and more effective at treating sun damaged skin.Īntioxidant ingredient that’s most commonly used in conjunction with vitamins C and E in serums. Lactic, citric, malic, and tartaric acidsĪHAs that act as exfoliants, they also work to lighten uneven pigmentation and smooth out skin texture.
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